https://geologictimepics.com/2023/06/13/35-minutes-of-humanity/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/30-4134-1.jpgPaleozoic strata in Death ValleyPaleozoic strata in Death Valley2025-04-08T19:06:23+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2024/02/13/levels-of-time/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/srd-10.jpgOverturned Anticline, Death Valley, CAOverturned Anticline. Titus Canyon Anticline. Death Valley National Park, California. The prominent red rock in the right-center of the photo is the Cambrian Zabriskie Quartzite. To the left (west) is overturned Cararra and Bonanza King Formations. (SrD-10)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/230328-32-1.jpgMigmatite gneiss (vertical)Migmatite gneiss, Death Valley, California (230328-32)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/230328-30-1.jpg230328-30https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/191101-75-2.jpg191101-75The highway cuts right through the spit. Death Valley, once filled to a spot above and behind the spit, is in the background.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/230328-32.jpgMigmatite gneiss (vertical)Migmatite gneiss, Death Valley, California (230328-32)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/230328-30.jpg230328-30https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/191101-75-1.jpg191101-75-1https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/191101-75.jpg191101-75https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/240106-97.jpg240106-97Gravel ridge along the Beatty cut-off road in Death Valley was deposited as a spit near the shoreline of Glacial Lake Manly. The highway cuts right through the center of the spit.2025-04-08T19:01:59+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2024/12/18/picture-of-the-world-in-a-sidewalk/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ip2406-5351.jpgIP2406-5351https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/241114-16e-1.jpgClast-supported conglomerate, SE CalMiocene clast-supported, stream-deposited conglomerate in the Eagle Mountain Formation, Amargosa Valley, California. (241114-16)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/241114-16e.jpgClast-supported conglomerate, SE CalMiocene clast-supported, stream-deposited conglomerate in the Eagle Mountain Formation, Amargosa Valley, California. (241114-16)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/conglomglomerate.jpgconglomglomerateConglomerate boulder in conglomerate of Miocene alluvial fan deposits of Furnace Creek Formation, Death Valley National Park, California (191101-47)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/mck-will-confluence-ed.jpgMcK-Will confluencehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ip2412-7131-1.jpgIP2412-7131https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ip2412-7119-2.jpgIP2412-7119https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ip17-3502c-1.jpgCracked sidewalk (vertical)Cracked sidewalk, from ongoing weathering and erosion. (IP17-3502)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ip17-3502-1.jpgCracked sidewalk (vertical)Cracked sidewalk, from ongoing weathering and erosion. (IP17-3502)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/geologypics-090718-41-1.jpgBrown, green, white, and red sedimentary rock.Brown, Green, white, and red sedimentary strata, indicating different levels of oxidation of disseminated iron in the rock. Proterozoic Spokane Formation, Glacier National Park, Montana.2025-01-07T15:48:22+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2024/05/31/summarizing-death-valleys-geology-in-12-outtake-photos/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/151128-23.jpgVitrophyre near base of ash flow tuff, CaliforniaVitrophyre (black volcanic glass) near base of 9.6 Ma (Miocene) ash flow tuff, Resting Springs Pass, near Shoshone, California (151128-23)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/dv-pull-apart.jpgE Cal Shear Zonehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hangingrockpan2lr.jpghangingrockpan2lrFolding and faulting of Paleozoic rock in the Last Chance Thrust System, Death Valley, Californiahttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/2149-16hr.jpg2149-16hrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/211120-16.jpgProterozoic dropstone in laminated siltstoneProterozoic "lonestone" --a likely glacial dropstone in laminated siltstone. Kingston Peak Formation, SE California. (211120-16)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/140426-26.jpgBadwater turtleback detachment fault, Death Valley, California.normal faults terminating downward at detachment fault, Badwater Turtleback, Death Valley, California.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/dv-simp-timeline-2.jpgdv-simp-timeline-2https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/dv-simp-timeline-1.jpgdv-simp-timeline-1https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/dv-simp-timeline.jpgdv-simp-timelinehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/3174-29-monarch.jpgcolor reversal: KODAK UNIVERSAL K14. SBA settings neutral SBA off, color SBA oncolor reversal: KODAK UNIVERSAL K14. SBA settings neutral SBA off, color SBA on2024-12-18T16:38:25+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2018/09/30/iceland-where-you-can-walk-a-mid-atlantic-rift-and-some-other-geology-photos/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180907-113.jpg180907-113We met up with a Geo group from Colorado College (where Christine teaches) -these are glacial deposits.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180905-112.jpgHolocene lava flow near SnaeffelsjokullFront of Holocene basaltic lava flow and stream, Iceland (180905-112)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/plates.jpgplatesThrough time, the Mid-Atlantic ridge has split N and S America from Europe and Africa (modified from USGS map)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/thingvellir2pane.jpgThingvellir2paneWestern Rift Zone at Thingvellir, view northward. Besides the prominent fissures on the left (west), numerous other ones cut the interior of the rift, 3 of which are marked by arrows. The rift continues up the valley behind the arrows.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180909-1481.jpgEldfell cinder cone and Heimaey, IcelandEldfell cinder cone and town on Heimaey. In 1973, the cinder cone erupted, destroying parts of the town and nearly blocking the harbor. Icelanders stopped the lava using seawater!https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180909-81-21.jpgEyjafjallajokull Volcano as seen from HeimaeyEyjafjallajokull Volcano as seen from Heimaeyhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180909-70e1.jpg180909-70eAirfall deposits from earlier eruptions on Heimaey --with projectiles!https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180907-1721.jpgColumnar-jointed basalt, IcelandThe CC group took us to these basalt columns near Vik --columns in 3D!https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180907-1551.jpg180907-155Christine and Charlotte one eveninghttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/180906-1451.jpgGravel bar in braided river, Iceland.One of my favorites, a gravel bar near the south coast2024-11-24T05:10:37+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2015/04/24/death-valley-national-park-geology-overload/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/140426-51.jpg140426-51Angular unconformity at Ryan Mesa: 4 Ma basalt flows overlying faulted Artist Drive (left) and Furnace Creek (right) formations.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/30-4134c.jpg30-4134cHiker in the Funeral Mountains of Death Valley.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/srf-13.jpgBlack Mtns., Death Valley, CA, showing range-bounding fault andAerial view of Black Mountains and Copper Canyon turtleback (greenish rock on right).https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/sra-07.jpgSrA-07Aerial view of faulted front of the Black Mountains.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/srd-10.jpgOverturned anticline. Titus Canyon anticline, Death Valley, CA.Aerial view of Titus Canyon Anticline.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/ig-08.jpgIg-08pegmatite dike and sill intruding mylonitic gneisshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/5d-1325.jpg5D-1325Death Valley salt pan at sunrise.2024-04-03T15:56:05+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2018/02/24/sampling-new-zealands-amazing-geology/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/msoundcropped.jpgGlacial fjord. Milford Sound, New Zealand.Glacial fjord. Milford Sound, New Zealand. Note hanging valley on left --as well as waterfall, coming from another hanging valley in the distant right. (180131-72) glacial erosionhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/pancakes.jpgpancakesPancake Rocks near Punakaiki. Photo on right shows close up of enhanced bedding.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/fox.jpgFoxFox Glacier and metamorphosed sedimentary rock--from my trip in 2014.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/geologypics-180124-93fmoo.jpgGeologyPics-180124-93fMoohttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/180121-36.jpg180121-36Distracting Fur Seal on the Red Rockshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ashflowtufflr.jpgashflowtufflrAsh flow tuff. Bluffs near Turangi; close-up showing pumice fragments; Joe Workman, our leader, and a wall of tuff.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/180107-14c.jpg180107-14cour group hiking up Rangitotohttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/geologypics-180114-47c.jpgAndesite stratovolcano, New ZealandMt. Ngauruhoe, a 7000 year-old andesite stratocone near Ruapehuhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/aucklandarea-edlr.jpgAucklandarea-edlrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/s-island.jpgS Island2024-02-12T14:54:25+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/03/21/oregons-rocky-headlands-geologic-recycling-through-erosion-and-uplift-and-erosion/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/5d-8922clr.jpg5D-8922clrBreaking wave at Shore Acres State Park, Oregon. Tree-covered flat surface in the background is an uplifted marine terrace.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/5d-8922.jpg5D-8922Breaking wave at Shore Acres State Park, Oregon. Tree-covered flat surface in the background is an uplifted marine terrace.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/yachatswaves1-4.jpgYachatsWaves1-4Blowhole near Yachats. Incoming wave funnels up a channel eroded along a fracture and explodes upwards on reaching the end.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ce-06060115-33-arrowsc.jpgCE-06060115-33-arrowscwave refraction causes wave energy to focus on the headland. Arrows are perpendicular to wave fronts.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ce-26ce.jpgSea stacks and sea arch, southern OregonSea stacks and sea arch, southern Oregonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ce-07.jpgHeadland and lighthouse, Heceta Head, OregonAerial view of Heceta Head, Oregon.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ce-01lr.jpgWave-cut bench, Sunset Bay, OregonWave-cut bench at Sunset Bay, Oregonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/160227-24t.jpg160227-24tCrashing waves at Heceta Head, Oregon. https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/377-26.jpgCape Blanco, OregonAerial view of Cape Blanco, Oregon looking northeastward. The flat surface beneath the lighthouse is the ~80,000 year-old Cape Blanco Terrace, probably equivalent to the Whiskey Run Terrace at Shore Acres; the flat area on the right side of the photo is the higher Pioneer Terrace, which formed about 105,000 years ago.2023-03-07T21:32:01+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2022/10/25/mountain-in-transition/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/220813-60-1.jpgCrater dome and fumarole emissions in the crater of Mt. St. Helens, WashingtonCrater dome and fumarole emissions in the crater of Mt. St. Helens, Washingtonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/220813-14.jpgLoowit Falls and crater of Mt. St. Helens, WashingtonLoowit Falls and crater of Mt. St. Helens, Washingtonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/220813-65.jpg220813-65hikers in front of dacite dome cut by basaltic dikes, Mt. St. Helens, Washingtonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/190817-64e.jpg2019 Crater of Mt. St. Helens, WashingtonDacite domes and Crater Glacier in crater of Mt. St. Helens, Washington, (190817-64)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/190817-178c-1.jpgFront of Crater Glacier, Mt. St. Helens, WATerminus of Crater Glacier, Mt. St. Helens, Washingtonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/220813-45.jpgLandslide hummocks, Mt. St. Helens, WashingtonHikers and landslide hummocks in the crater of Mt. St. Helens, Washington (220813-45)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/220813-41.jpg220813-41https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/220813-60.jpgCrater dome and fumarole emissions in the crater of Mt. St. Helens, WashingtonCrater dome and fumarole emissions in the crater of Mt. St. Helens, Washingtonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/190817-178c.jpgFront of Crater Glacier, Mt. St. Helens, WATerminus of Crater Glacier, Mt. St. Helens, Washington2022-11-05T02:24:06+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2022/07/25/in-transit/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/geologypics-190708-7.jpgClast-supported pebble conglomerateClast-supported pebble conglomerate of the Cretaceous Kootenai Formation, Montana. (190708-7)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/geologypics-170728-21.jpgBedded chert, SW MontanaChert of Permian Phosphoria Formation, SW Montana (170728-21). sedimentary, tilted, radiolarianhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/130727-59.jpg130727-59https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/pebble-and-cong.jpgConglomerateConglomerate of the Cretaceous Kootenai Formation, Montana. Photo is about 0.5m across. (130727-66) sedimentary, gravel, cobbles.2022-10-27T02:52:01+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2021/04/27/oregon-rocks-my-new-book-about-oregons-wonderful-geology/2025-04-02T20:29:17+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2021/03/02/oregons-geologic-history-a-new-cross-section-and-timeline-and-some-great-places-to-see-it/2023-08-21T23:07:11+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/about-this-blog-and-me/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/101218-20lr.jpg101218-20lr2021-04-06T22:29:02+00:00weekly0.6https://geologictimepics.com/2021/03/16/skill-and-spirit-teaching-field-geology-on-public-lands/2021-08-09T15:23:18+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2020/11/30/five-awesome-minerals-for-rocks-and-landscapes/2024-12-30T15:02:29+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2020/03/27/touring-the-geologic-map-of-the-united-states/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/srf-28.4512-23-1.jpgcolor reversal: KODAK UNIVERSAL K14. SBA settings neutral SBA off, color SBA onLewis Thrust, which lies just above the tree line, places Proterozoic rock over Cretaceous rock.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/120623-22s.jpgBasalt flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Imnaha Canyon,Lava flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group in eastern Oregonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/sed-08.jpgSed-08Channel deposit in the Triassic Newark Group, Connecticut.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3a.-grandcyn-pic.jpg3a. GrandCyn+ picGeologic map and and photo of the Grand Canyon, AZhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/170703-14.jpgMonocline on the Colorado Plateau, UtahAerial view of the southern San Rafael Swell, Utahhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3.-coloplateaulr-1.jpg3. ColoPlateaulrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/ip17-3081.jpgShoshone Falls, Idaho (Pan)Shoshone Falls spills over light-colored rhyolites. Rocks on the skyline are Snake River Plain Basalt, Idahohttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/30-0366.jpg30-0366https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/x-cut-block-diagramlr.jpgx-cut block diagramlrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/usageolmap-allllr.jpgUSAGeolMap-allllr2023-10-21T10:29:26+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2015/01/10/aerial-photos-yellowstone-lake-to-portland-oregon-at-30000-feet/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/yel-pdx-us-maplr1.jpgYel-PDX + US maphttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/yelmapllr.jpgYel+MapPhoto and geologic map of Yellowstone National Parkhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-240.jpg150101-240View northward, down the Columbia River.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-216.jpg150101-216View northward over the Columbia River Gorge to the Washington High Cascades.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-201.jpg150101-201Looking north over the Dalles to Mts. St Helens, Rainier, and Adams.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-167.jpg150101-167Glacial valleys and frontal fault zone on the north side of the Wallowa Mountains, Oregon.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-152.jpg150101-152Hell's Canyon and the Snake River.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-124.jpg150101-124Mountains of the Idaho Batholithhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-120.jpg150101-120Recent faulting along western edge of Lemhi Range, Idaho.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150101-79.jpgYellowstone LakeYellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park2020-08-27T20:33:07+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2020/03/17/where-rocks-touch-geologic-contacts/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/180714-16e.jpgChilled margin in diabase dike, Maine (vertical)Chilled margin in diabase dike intruding granite, Mainehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/purcell-silllr.jpgPurcell silllrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/200304-12.jpg200304-12https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/x-sxnlr.jpgx-sxnlrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/sill-sketchllre-1.jpgsill sketchllrehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/sill-sketchllre.jpgsill sketchllrehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/sill-sketchlr.jpgsill sketchlrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/buttresssru-25e.jpgButtressSrU-25eThe dashed line marks a depositional contact that cuts the bedding in the younger sedimentary rock, a buttress unconformity. https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/sru-076gcd-006mqlrce.jpgSrU-07,6GCD-006mqlrceThe dashed line marks a depositional contact in the Grand Canyon. Note how the overlying bedding is parallel to the contact. They're also parallel to each other, to suggest they're depositional as well!https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/geologypics-sru-07c.jpgGeologyPics-SrU-07c2023-05-01T08:04:43+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2019/05/08/smith-rock-state-park-great-geology-at-the-edge-of-oregons-largest-caldera/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/181016-23lr.jpg181016-23lrContact of ash-and pumice-rich tuff overlying lithic-rich tuff near the bottom of the Misery Ridge Trail.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/img_2255lrc.jpgIMG_2255lrchttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/climberonmonkeyface.jpgclimberonMonkeyFaceRock climber reveling in a crack on Monkey Face. Note the reddish upper part of the rock --it's welded tuff, above the non-welded tuff. Note also the layering in the tuff.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/150114-116c.jpgCase-hardening in tuffcase-hardeninghttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/181016-12lr.jpg181016-12lrfine-scale layering in the Smith Rock Tuffhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/calderasmithrock-1.jpgUS26, Madras-JDay CS4Geologic maps: of Smith Rock State Park (left) and the Crooked River Caldera (right). Compiled from McClaughry et al. (2009), Robinson and Stensland (1979), Walker and MacLeod (1991), and the State Park trail map.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/1175_rt16lr-1.jpg1175_RT16lrMuch of the blue-green Turtle Cove Member of the John Day Formation, so well exposed at John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, was derived from alteration of ash derived from eruption of the Crooked River Caldera, 29.5 million years ago.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/190427-21.jpg190427-21Newberry Basalt overlying Smith Rock Tuff ofn the west side of the Crooked River, just downstream from its hairpin bend. Note the channeled base of the basalt.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/190427-18.jpg190427-18https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/190427-15.jpg190427-152022-11-08T10:50:42+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2020/01/04/aerial-geology-photos-favorites-from-commercial-flights-of-2019/2020-01-09T07:33:10+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2019/02/03/seeing-some-cool-properties-of-water-through-the-lens-of-its-molecular-structure/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/avg-high-temps-n-o-oregon.jpgAvg high temps-N-O-OregonNewport, being on the coast, experiences a narrower range of temperatures than Ontario, which is inland.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/avg-high-temps-no-oregon.jpgAvg high temps-N,O, Oregonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/wss-propety-water-molecule-bonding.jpgwss-propety-water-molecule-bondingWater molecules joined together by hydrogen bonds -USGShttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/water-strider.jpgwater-striderhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/water-molecules-in-ice-labels.jpgwater molecule in iceWhile freezing, water molecules increase their bond angles to 120° and create a hexagonal crystalline structure --which is less dense than closely packed, non-crystalline liquid water.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/water-molecule2.jpgwater molecule2https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/saltpanspreadmr.jpgsaltpanspreadmrSalt crystals in Death Valley, California. Left: new salt crystals growing upwards from damp valley floor --note concentration along cracks. Right: After months to years of crystallization, large polygons of salt are separated by raised, salt-filled fractures.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/oregonoutline.jpgOregonoutlinehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/avg-high-temps-newport-ontario.jpgAvg high temps-Newport-Ontariohttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/180131-55.jpgWaterfalls and cliff, New Zealand.waterfalls in Fjordland, South Island, New Zealand.2020-03-18T22:01:51+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2018/12/29/countertop-geology-desperate-for-rocks-visit-a-granite-countertop-store/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0982c.jpgIP18-0982cDuctile shear zone in gneiss (annotated on right)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0966c.jpgDismembered pegmatitte in gneissBiotite schist with pegmatitehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0947e-1.jpgIP18-0947eRed garnet along with quartz and feldspar in gneiss https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-1012ce.jpgIP18-1012ceSome real granite --with quartz (Q), Orthoclase feldspar (O), Plagioclase feldspar (P), and the black mica Biotite (B).https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0976c.jpgIP18-0976chttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0975.jpgIP18-0975https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0971.jpgAlteration along fractures in serpentiniteAlteration along fractures in serpentinitehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0955ce.jpgMigmatite gneissMigmatite gneiss. (IP18-0955)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0957c.jpgIP18-0957chttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IP18-0942c.jpgStylolites offset by faults in quartziteStylolites and bedding offset by faults in quartzite2019-02-03T18:05:04+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2018/11/30/shaping-of-landscape-a-primer-on-weathering-and-erosion/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-170528-4c.jpgStrongly chemically weathered granitic rock above less weathered granitic rock.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-we-20.jpgGeologyPics-WE-20Tilted resistant sandstone forms a ridge near Morrison, Colorado.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/170331-51e.jpg170331-51Sandstone blocks, fallen from the cliffs above, onto slopes of less resistant shale and siltstone, Utah.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-090321-2.jpgTalus cones and Cedar Mesa, UtahEdge of Cedar Mesa, Utah. The cliffs consist of resistant sandstone whereas the slopes are made of less resistant shale and siltstone.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-srf-43.jpgVertical joints in sandstone, SE Utah.Vertical fractures in sandstone eroding into fins, Arches National Park, Utah.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-170519-25c.jpgDifferential erosion: a hogback, UtahResistant sandstone forms a "hogback ridge" whereas less resistant shale and mudstone form gullies, Utah.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-131024-19.jpgGeologyPics-131024-19https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-150703-38c.jpgLava Flows of Columbia River Basalt Group, WashingtonLava Flows of Grande Ronde and overlying Wanapum basalts and deeply incised Palouse River, Washington (150703-38) CRBGhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-we-33.jpgThree stages of grus formation in granite.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/geologypics-we-28.jpgWeathering rinds on granite.Weathering rinds on granitic rock2022-09-23T03:25:59+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2018/05/29/grand-canyon-unconformities-and-a-cambrian-island/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/180519-22e2.jpgGrand Canyon, ArizonaView north up Bright Angel Canyon. Tapeats Sandstone overlies Hakatai Shale on west side and basement on east.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/gcunconformities.jpgGCunconformitiesUnconformities in the Grand Canyon. D: Disconformity; A: Angular Unconformity; N: Nonconformityhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/180518-104e.jpg180518-104ePaleozoic Rocks in the Grand Canyon. Redwall Limestone (R) rests disconformably on underlying Muav Limestone below.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/gcynsequencehoriz.jpgGCynsequencehorizhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/180519-22e.jpgGrand Canyon, ArizonaView north up Bright Angel Canyon. Tapeats Sandstone overlies Hakatai Shale on west side and basement on east.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/geologypics-140724-14.jpg140724-14An exposure of the Great Unconformity in Montana. Notice how it's a 3D surface that extends back into the wall.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/geologypics-180518-43.jpgRip-up clasts in sandstoneRip-up clasts of algal limestone in Proterozoic sandstone of Bass Formationhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/geologypics-ip18-6294.jpgAngular Unconformity, Grand Canyon (Pan)Panorama view of angular unconformity between the Cambrian Transgressive Sequence and tilted Proterozoic rock in the Grand Canyon. The Tapeats Sandstone pinches out against the brown knob of Shinumo Quartzite on the right, which persisted as an island during the Cambrian Transgression. (IP18-6294)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/geologypics-180518-27.jpgAngular Unconformity, Grand CanyonThis block of Shinumo Quartzite persisted as an island during the time the Cambrian sea moved up onto the Continent. https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/geologypics-180518-104.jpg180518-104Paleozoic Rocks in the Grand Canyon. Redwall Limestone rests disconformably on underlying Muav Limestone.2019-01-12T05:45:33+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2018/08/25/hug-point-state-park-oregon-usa-sea-cliffs-expose-a-miocene-delta-invaded-by-lava-flows/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/180812-50foldsinterp.jpg180812-50foldsinterpContorted Astoria Formation in sea cliffhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/180728-165.jpg180728-165Basalt sea cliffs at Neahkahnie Mountainhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/180728-124.jpg180728-124Alcove and tidepool in sandstone of the Astoria Fm.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/180728-118.jpg180728-118Cross-bedding in Miocene Astoria Formation and road along base of Hug Point.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/170826-19.jpg170826-19Haystack Rock at Cannon Beach. The vent area of an undersea volcano fed by lavas of the Columbia River Basalt Group!https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/hugpointpic.jpgHugPointPicView northward past Hug Point to Ecola Point, Oregonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/hugpointcrbg.jpgHugPointCRBG2018-09-30T19:51:27+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/09/01/summarizing-washington-state-geology-in-19-photo-out-takes/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/150912-46.jpg150912-46Close-up view of submarine debris flow deposit of the Hoh Assemblage. The white fragment is limestone!https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/150806-57.jpg150806-57Cowlitz Chimneys, source area for much of the Ohanapecosh Formation. Mt. Rainier National Parkhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/rgwashington-coverlr.jpgRG Washington coverBack and front cover for Roadside Geology of Oregonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/160815-48c.jpg160815-48cCambrian-Ordovician Metaline Limestone along Pend OReille River, at Metaline Falls, Washington.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/151108-102clr.jpg151108-102clrView across Bellingham Bay to Lummi Island--one of the San Juan Islands, Washington. 2026-01-18T14:59:32+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2018/07/23/devils-punchbowl-awesome-geology-on-a-beautiful-oregon-beach/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/170909-4.jpg170909-4Erosion along a normal faulthttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/130428-1.jpgBreaking wave as seen through sea arch, OregonBreaking wave as seen through a sea arch, eroded into sandstone of the Miocene Astoria Formation, Oregon (130428-1)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/180629-58ce.jpg180629-58cehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/180629-165.jpg180629-165Fragmental basalt, broken during explosive interactions with wet sedimenthttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/180629-58.jpg180629-58https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/180629-57.jpg180629-57Soft-sediment deformation in the Astoria Formationhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/180629-46ce.jpg180629-46ceView southward from Cape Foulweather to the Devil's Punchbowl.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/170909-13.jpg170909-13Angular unconformity between tilted Astoria Fm below flat-lying marine terrace depositshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/170909-10.jpg170909-10https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/130428-18-2.jpg130428-18-2View into the Punchbowl, a collapsed sea cave. Note the inclined bedding.2018-08-24T17:07:04+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2015/02/19/rockin-countertops-geologic-time-in-our-kitchens-and-bathrooms/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/impinging-grains.jpgimpinging grainscobbles, impinging into each other. Stars on right photo show locations.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/150218-50.jpgslabs of polished rockslabs of polished rock at a "granite" warehouse --not sure if any of this is actually granite, but it all reflects geologic time.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/150218-44-2.jpg150218-44-2Polished conglomerate --individual cobbles are metamorphic rocks. The green color comes from the mineral chlorite.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/150218-40-2.jpg150218-40-22018-12-29T19:25:36+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/14/igneous-rocks/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ig-851.jpgHand samples of volcanic rocks. Hand samples of volcanic rocks--from left to right: Rhyolite, Andesite, Basalt. Click here for more pictures of volcanic rocks and features.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ig-85.jpgHand Samples of Volcanic Rocks.From left to right, these rocks are arranged in order of decreasing silica content: rhyolite, andesite, and basalt. Click here for more photos of volcanic rocks and features.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ig-26.jpgHand Samples of Intrusive igneous RocksFrom left to right, these rocks are arranged in order of decreasing silica content: granite, diorite, and gabbro. Click here for more photos of igneous rocks and features.2018-08-01T04:40:15+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2015/01/31/columbia-river-basalt-group-outrageous/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/l-seal-rock1.jpgL. Seal Rockhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/intrusive-crbg-diagram4.jpgintrusive CRBG diagram4https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/crbgblog1.jpgCRBGbloghttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/c-feeder-dikes1.jpgC. Feeder dikeshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/k-130121-12.jpgK.130121-12https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/j-130120-11lrs.jpgJ.130120-11lrshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/i-saddle-mtn.jpgI. Saddle Mtnhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/h-150119-7flr.jpgH.150119-7FlrUpper North Falls at Silver Falls State Park, OR. The roof of the alcove consists of Wanapum Basalt, the bedrock near the river channel consists of Grande Ronde Basalt. https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/g-110805-122cs.jpgG.110805-122cshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/f-140711-47-2.jpgF.140711-47-2Lava flows of the CRBG in northern Oregon and Mt. Adams of southern Washington. With views like this, how can you say the CRBG is boring? (Location "F" on map below.)2019-09-11T15:08:11+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/12/10/cove-palisades-oregon-a-tidy-short-story-in-the-vastness-of-time/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/covepalisades2.jpgCovePalisades2https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/img_3979celr.jpgIMG_3979celrcut-out photo showing locations described in texthttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/covepalisades.jpgCovePalisadeshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/171007i-1.jpgLake Billy Chinook, OregonView across the Crooked River Arm of Lake Billy Chinook to some of the 1.2 million year old canyon-filling basalt (right) and Deschutes Fm (left). The cliff on the far left of the photo is also part of the 1.2 million year basalt.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/171007-82.jpgAsh Flow tuff, OregonCove Ignimbrite at "The Ship"https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/171007-78.jpgButtress Unconformity, Oregon (Pan)Intracanyon basalt on skyline cutting down through older Deschutes Fm.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/171007-62f.jpgButtress Unconformity, Oregon (Pan)View upwards to preserved canyon edge, where the Intracanyon basalt cuts down through the Deschutes Fm. https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/171007-52.jpgVolcaniclastic rock, OregonDeschutes Fm. as exposed near upper end of roadcut along eastern grade into canyonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/171007-43.jpgColumnar-jointed basalt, OregonColonnade in basalt of Deschutes Fm.2018-05-28T22:47:10+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/10/12/mauna-loa-volcano-hawaii-earths-largest-active-volcano/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170916s-45c.jpg170916s-45chttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/geologypics-170915s-10c.jpgGeologyPics-170915s-10cSea cliffs at Kealakekua Bay, formed as the headscarp of a giant undersea landslidehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/hawaii-geolr.jpgHawaii Geo2007 USGS Geologic Map of Hawai'i. Different shield volcanoes show up as different colors. Mauna Loa lavas, in greens and some blues, cover half the island. https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170919s-13.jpgMauna Loa Shield VolcanoMauna Loa Volcano and pahoehoe basalt, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii. (170919s-15) lava, volcanichttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170918s-149.jpgNE Rift, Mauna Loa VolcanoNE Rift, Mauna Loa Volcano. (geologypics: 170918s-149)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170918s-133.jpgSpatter Cone, Mauna Loa VolcanoSpatter Cone, Mauna Loa Volcano. (170918s-133) lava, basaltichttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170918s-126.jpgPahoehoe basalt and cinder conePahoehoe basalt and cinder cone, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. (170918s-126) lava, volcanichttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170918s-119.jpgFresh vesicular basaltic lavaFresh vesicular basaltic lava, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. (170918s-119) volcanichttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170918s-110.jpgCinder cone and lava flows, Mauna LoaCinder cone (Dewey Cone) and lava flows, Mauna Loa, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Red flow is an older, highly oxidized aa flow; black one is a fresh pahoehoe flow.(170918s-110) basaltic, volcanichttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/170918s-103.jpgPahoehoe and aa basalt, Mauna LoaPahoehoe and aa basalt, Mauna Loa. Dewey Cinder Cone in background. (Geologypics: 170918s-103) 2017-10-31T17:44:10+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/10/31/rocks-a-brief-illustrated-primer/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/met-01c.jpgMet-01cMetamorphic rocks. From left to right: slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss. Note that each rock has layering (foliation) that is caused by a parallel arrangement of platy minerals within the rock.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/phenos1.jpgphenosPorphyritic volcanic rock in hand sample (left) and microscopically (right). Note how microscopic view https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/taupo-deposits.jpgTaupo depositsTaupo vent (red triangle) and distribution of airfall and ashflow deposits from AD186 eruption. From Wilson and Walker, 1985.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/sed-54.jpgSed-54Clastic sedimentary rocks: shale (left), sandstone (center), and conglomerate (right).https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/met-01.jpgMet-01Metamorphic rocks. From left to right: slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss. Note that each rock has layering (foliation) that is caused by a parallel arrangement of platy minerals within the rock.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/key.jpgKeysimplified key to recognizing different rock typeshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ip4094.jpgip4094https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ip4086.jpgip4086Rock (left, granite) and minerals (right, quartz and kyanite). Notice that the granite is made of a variety of minerals.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ip4082.jpgip4082Sedimentary (sandstone, left), Igneous (granite, center), and Metamorphic (gneiss, right) hand sampleshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/intro-1-ig-rx-cs4.jpgIntro-1. Ig rx-CS42017-11-02T00:19:24+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/10/06/geologypics-com-a-new-and-free-resource-for-geological-photographs/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/home3.jpghome3https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/home2.jpghome2https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/galleries1.jpggalleriespart of Galleries page (left) and part of Glacial page (right)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/seastack-search.jpgSea Stack searchFirst page of sea stacks when you search on the term.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/home.jpghome pagepart of the home page for Geologypics.comhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/glacialgallery.jpgGlacialgalleryhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/galleries.jpggallerieshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/coastrangepic.jpgvertial image2017-10-06T13:48:54+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/04/26/washingtons-waterfalls-behind-each-one-is-a-rock/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/intro-8-accretionlr.jpgIntro-8. Accretion series-CS4https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/wash-timeline-wfalls.jpgWash timeline-wfallsTimeline of Washington's geology, as modified from Roadside Geology of Washington. Red text signifies events described in this post and represented by various waterfalls (in blue).https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/gorgecreekinsert2.jpgGorgeCreek+insertGorge Creek cuts a slot through orthogneiss (inset) of the Skagit Gneiss Complex along State Highway 20 in Washington's North Cascades.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/intro-8-accretion-series-cs4lr.jpgIntro-8. Accretion series-CS4Cartoon illustration of continental accretion, modified from Roadside Geology of Oregon.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/orthogneiss-newimg_2803lrs.jpgorthogneiss-newIMG_2803lrsclose-up view of Skagit orthogneiss.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/orthogneiss-newimg_2803lr.jpgorthogneiss-newIMG_2803lrclose-up of Skagit orthogneisshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/wa123-1-151017-68lrc.jpgWA123-1. 151017-68lrcSilver Falls in Mount Rainier National Park, spills over outcrops of Ohanapecosh Formation, the oldest rock in the park.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/narada-christine.jpgNarada-ChristineChristine Falls (left) cuts through granitic rock of Tatoosh Pluton; Narada Falls (right) flows over Rainier Andesite that itself flowed over Tatoosh granodiorite, exposed on the rocky hillside.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/mr-3-051127-1.jpgMR-3. 051127-1https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/151107-27flr1.jpg151107-27flrRainbow falls along WA 6 in the Coast Range2026-01-18T14:55:01+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/08/21/science-got-it-right-maybe-we-can-now-accept-the-reality-of-climate-change/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/170821-19.jpgTotal Eclipse of the sun (170821-19)Sun's corona as seen during the total solar eclipse, August 21, 2017 from Salem, Oregon.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/120713-65.jpgGlacier in retreat, Athabasca Glacier, Alberta, Canada (120713-65).The front of the Athabasca Glacier, shown here, was at this monument in the year 2000. Photo taken in 2012.2017-08-22T00:09:22+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2017/02/04/science-and-icicles-icicles-and-science/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/lec1-allrb.jpglec1-allrbhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/161215-7lrcrot.jpg161215-7lrcrothttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/161215-7lr.jpg161215-7lrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ice-stufflr.jpgice-stufflrhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/130324-17c.jpg130324-17chttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/lec1-c.jpglec1-chttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/lec1-a.jpglec1-ahttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/lec1b.jpglec1b2017-02-06T18:20:04+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2015/12/24/landscape-and-rock-4-favorite-photos-from-2015/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/shishi.jpgShiShiBedrock at Beach 2 consists mostly of sandstone and breccia. The white fragment is limestone mixed with sandstone fragments.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/cambrian-jurassic.jpgCambrian-Jurassicleft: Limestone of the Cambrian Bonanza King Formation near Death Valley; right: Cross-bedded sandstone of the Jurassic Navajo Sandstone in Zion NP, Utah.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/sed-12.jpgSed-12https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/shuksan-combo-e1493321712760.jpgShuksan comboMt. Shuksan: it's glaciated northwest side, bedrock of its peak, and exposure of the Bell Pass Melange.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/150915-10.jpg150915-10https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/151023-22.jpg151023-22Mt. Shuksan and moonrise, northern Washington Cascadeshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/151129-35-2.jpg151129-35-2https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/151129-35.jpg151129-35https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/150916-38.jpg150916-38https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/150916-25.jpg150916-252023-08-03T03:01:18+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2015/12/10/conglomerate-boulders-and-cobbles-and-conglomerate-boulders/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/dep-03.jpgAlluvial fan, Death Valley, CAAlluvial fan in Death Valley. It consists of sediment eroded from the mountains.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/151128-10.jpg151128-10https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/151128-8arrow.jpg151128-8arrowConglomerate in Furnace Creek Wash. Arrow points to conglomerate boulder (right)https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/3130-27lr.jpgConglomerate clast in conglomerateconglomerate boulder in conglomerate of the Furnace Creek Formation, Death Valley, CA.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/120709-123.jpg120709-123Athabasca River in Jasper National Park, Albertahttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/151128-3.jpg151128-3Tilted conglomerate in Furnace Creek Wash, Death Valley.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/img_1345.jpgIMG_1345Boulders on alluvial fan, Death Valley, California. The canyon, at the apex of the fan, can be seen in the background. It is a wineglass canyon, formed by erosion of an actively rising mountain next to a fault zone.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/3528-38lr.jpg3528-38lrConglomerate of the Kootenai Formation, SW Montana.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/151209-4.jpg151209-4"Recycled" pebbles of the Kootenai Formation.2015-12-13T19:33:42+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/12/26/crazy-modern-period-a-vanishingly-thin-sliver-of-earth-history/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/mg_3720fc.jpg_MG_3720fcSanibel Island and the Florida Gulf Coast --while descending into Fort Myershttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/mg_3691.jpg_MG_3691Above the clouds --somewhere over eastern Oregon.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/mg_3784.jpg_MG_37842014-12-28T04:13:20+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/12/17/geologic-irony-in-cincinnati-and-northern-kentucky-deep-geologic-time-everywhere-and-the-absurd-denial-of-the-creation-museum/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/140806-28llr.jpg140806-28llrMe petting a dinosaur at the Creation Museumhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/140730-34.jpg140730-34Coarse-grained sediment, deposited by one of the Missoula Floods in Oregon, some 15,000 years ago.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/cmuseumlr.jpgCMuseumlrThe explanation for fossils according to the Creation Museum (on the left), and a diorama depicting a human being coexisting with a dinosaur on the right.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/cintiarea-and-usmapmr.jpgUS geologic mapGeologic map of the United States; the area around Cincinnati is enlarged. "CM" shows the approximate location of the Creation Museum.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/141129-9flr.jpg141129-9flrOrdovician shale and limestone along I-75 in northern Kentucky; downtown Cincinnati, Ohio occupies the backgroundhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/141126-47.jpg141126-47Looking up the Ohio River from the air --near where Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana meet.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/140806-2.jpg140806-2https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/140806-1.jpg140806-1https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/110918-14cc.jpgmarine fossils in Ordovician limestonemarine fossils in Ordovician limestone from northern Kentucky --you can see mostly brachipods (they look sort of like clam shells) and bryozoa (branching coral-like things) in this rock.2017-09-29T22:42:22+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/11/15/just-scratching-the-surface-a-geologic-cross-section-of-oregon-speaks-to-unimaginable-events/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/oregonxsxn.jpgOregonxsxnSchematic geologic cross-section across Oregon, from the Cascadia Subduction zone into western Idaho.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/img_0533lr.jpgIMG_0533lrCrater Lake occupies the caldera of Mt. Mazama, which erupted catastrophically some 7700 years ago.2014-11-15T05:18:46+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/10/28/californias-largest-lake-formed-by-its-largest-fault-zone-the-salton-sea-and-san-andreas-fault/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/100128-85e1.jpg100128-85eAerial view of Salton Sea, with the approximate locations of the southern San Andreas and Imperial faults. Note how right-lateral slip on the two en-echelon faults drive extension between them.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/100128-85e.jpg100128-85ehttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/100128-85.jpg100128-85Aerial view of the Salton Sea, looking northward.2014-10-28T03:02:32+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/10/22/cloudy-afternoon-waving-at-the-stawamus-chief-lovely-spot-and-deep-time/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/141019-49f.jpg141019-49fGlacially carved granite--right next to a large pull-out on the highway.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/141019-14.jpg141019-14Stawamish Chief rises some 2000 feet above us --a trail leads to the top.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/141019-18lrf.jpg141019-18lrfShannon Falls, near the bottom of its 1000' drop.2014-10-22T05:03:27+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/12/its-about-time/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/we-141.jpgSedimentary rock sequence in SE Utah.Thousands of feet of sedimentary rock, exposed in the canyons of SE Utah, attest to great lengths of geologic time. This particular canyon is in the Needles District of Canyonlands National Park.2014-10-17T14:31:03+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/13/cambrian-limestone-death-valley-national-park-california/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/30-4134.jpgLimestone strata, Death Valley, CaliforniaThousands of feet of limestone, deposited during the Cambrian Period, are exposed in the Death Valley region.2014-10-17T14:30:39+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/15/granite/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ig-02.jpgMt. Whitney and Sierra Nevada, California at sunrise. Mt. Whitney and Sierra Nevada, California at sunrise. Mt. Whitney's elevation is 14, 505' above sea level, the highest spot in the conterminous US. The rock in this photograph is almost entirely granodiorite.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ig-031.jpgGranite and moon. Sierra Nevada, CA.A typical exposure of granite --coarse grained with an interlocking, random assortment of crystals. Click here to search for geology pictures by keyword.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ig-03.jpgGranite and moon. Sierra Nevada, CA.A typical exposure of granite --coarse grained with an interlocking, random assortment of crystals. Click here to see more photos of granite.2014-10-17T14:30:02+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/21/cretaceous-batholiths-and-roof-pendants/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ig-051.jpgIntrusive contactCretaceous granite intruding Cambrian metasedimentary rock, Sierra Nevada Range.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/k-batholiths1.jpgCretaceous BatholithsGranitic Batholiths of Cretaceous age in western North America.2014-10-17T14:29:50+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/28/cambrian-rock/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/sru-07e.jpgAngular unconformity of Paleozoic rock on Precambrian rock in the Grand Canyon.Angular unconformity of Paleozoic rock on Precambrian rock in the Grand Canyon.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/sru-071.jpgAngular unconformity: Cambrian rock overlying tilted Precambrian sedimentary rock in the Grand Canyon, Arizona.Angular unconformity: Cambrian rock overlying tilted Precambrian sedimentary rock in the Grand Canyon, Arizona.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/sru-07.jpgSrU-07https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/101218-381.jpgCambrian limestone in the Nopah Range, SE CaliforniaThousands of feet of Cambrian marine limestone make up the ranges in and around Death Valley National Park (see post March 13). And... for a geologic map of Death Valley...https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/101218-38.jpgCambrian limestone in the Nopah Range, SE CaliforniaThousands of feet of marine limestone make up many of the mountain ranges in the Death Valley area of SE California.2014-10-17T14:29:38+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/30/metamorphic-rock/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/met-09.jpgMet-09Close-up view of gneiss, showing crystals that formed in the same orientation, as a result of recrystallization while under directed pressure.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/srd-29.jpgFolded gneiss, Grand Teton NP, Wyoming.Folded gneiss, formed at depths of 10 km or more, high in the Teton Range of Wyoming.2014-10-17T14:29:26+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/03/31/great-unconformity-grand-canyon-arizona/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/sru-02.jpgGreat unconformity, Grand Canyon, ArizonaSequence of Cambrian sandstone (the ledge across the middle of the photo), shale (the overlying slopes) and limestone (the upper cliffs) deposited on top the Vishnu Schist in the Grand Canyon.2014-10-17T14:29:13+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/04/02/great-unconformity-in-the-teton-range-wyoming/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tetons-panlr.jpgPanorama of Teton RangePrecambrian metamorphic and igneous rock of the Teton Range and overlying sedimentary rock.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/sru-14e.jpgGreat unconformity on the west side of the Teton Range, WyomingThe yellow arrow points to the contact between the Cambrian Sandstone and underlying Precambrian metamorphic rock... the Great unconformity.2014-10-17T14:29:01+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/04/04/great-unconformity-in-montana-and-rising-seas-during-the-cambrian/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/geologypics-140724-14.jpg140724-14Geologist inspecting the Great Unconformity in Montana --notice how the surface is a 3D feature that continues back into the wall.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/transgression.jpgTransgressionSequence of rock types expected during a transgression of the sea onto a continent.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/100629-37.jpgGreat unconformity in SW Montana.Photo of Cambrian Flathead Sandstone overlying Proterozoic gneiss in SW Montana.2026-01-19T16:22:01+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2012/04/06/san-andreas-fault/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/sra-02.jpgAerial view of San Andreas Fault and Pt. ReyesAerial view of San Andreas fault and Pt. Reyes --just north of San Francisco. View is to the north. The fault runs down Tomales Bay, the narrow arm of the ocean that runs diagonally across the photo.2014-10-17T14:28:36+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/09/24/young-and-old-close-and-far/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/140901-23.jpg140901-232014-10-17T14:28:21+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/09/27/glacially-carved-granite-in-rocky-mountain-national-park-colorado/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/ig-23.jpgGranite sill intruding gneiss, Colorado.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/140809-94.jpg140809-942014-10-17T14:27:51+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/09/29/todays-hazards-yesterdays-hazards-earthquake-damage-ongoing-rock-fall-and-basalt-flow/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/140127-281.jpg140127-28https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/140127-28.jpg140127-282014-10-17T14:27:36+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/10/01/glacier-national-park-proterozoic-rock-and-fossil-algae/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/belt-sedsrs-pic.jpgBelt sedsrs pichttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/140720-6.jpg140720-6Peaks of Glacier National Park and St. Marys River.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/090718-97.jpg090718-97Stromatalites of the Helena Formation as seen in plan view.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/090717-33.jpg090717-33cross-sectional view of a stromatalite in the Proterozoic Helena Formation, Glacier NP.2014-10-17T14:27:16+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/10/04/geologic-time-in-a-mountainside-the-wallowa-mountains-from-joseph-oregon/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/100624-15lr1.jpg100624-15lrThe Wallowa Mountains rise along a fault zone just south of the town of Joseph.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/140713-43s.jpg140713-43sSawtooth Peak (right) capped by Columbia River Basalt. Beneath it is granite of the Wallow Batholith --and off to the left, are the bedded rocks of the Martin Bridge Limestone.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/100624-15lr.jpg100624-15lrThe Wallowa Mountains rise along a fault zone just south of the town of Joseph.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/140713-43e.jpg140713-43eRock units and contacts described in the text2014-10-17T14:26:53+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/10/07/history-of-western-united-states-in-a-cliff-face/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/rainbowunconf-noteslr.jpgrainbowunconf noteslrInterpretation of top photo.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/pan-rainbowunconf.jpgpan-rainbowunconfView of canyon wall on west side of Panamint Valley in SE California --part of Death Valley National Park. See photo below for interpretation.2014-10-17T14:26:40+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/10/11/lakes-drying-up-in-southeastern-oregon-geologically-very-quickly/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/basin-and-ranges-pluvials2.jpgBasin and Ranges Pluvials2Distribution of Pleistocene lakes in the southern Oregon Basin and Range.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/basin-and-ranges-pluvials.jpgBasin and Ranges Pluvialshttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/140620-102.jpg140620-102salt deposits at Lake Abert, Oregonhttps://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/140621-103.jpg140621-103Birds along small creek that empties into Lake Abert, Oregon.2014-10-17T14:26:27+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.com/2014/10/16/crater-lake-caldera-oregon-some-things-happen-quickly/https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/141012-38.jpg141012-38Crater Lake as seen from The Watchman. Wizard Island, which formed after the caldera collapse, occupies the center of the photo.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/141012-15.jpg141012-15pumice welded onto top of Cleetwood rhyolite flow at Cleetwood Cove. Note how the base of the pumice is red from oxidation --and forms a ledge because it's so hard.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/30-11233.jpg30-11233Phantom Ship, in Crater Lake's southeast corner, is made of the caldera's oldest known rock, at 400,000 years old.https://geologictimepics.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/5d-8638.jpgPumice deposit, Crater Lake, Oregon.2014-11-17T14:09:03+00:00monthlyhttps://geologictimepics.comdaily1.02026-01-19T16:22:01+00:00